{"id":8871,"date":"2025-07-06T11:49:41","date_gmt":"2025-07-06T09:49:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milchyn.cz\/?page_id=8871"},"modified":"2025-09-22T11:15:01","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T11:15:01","slug":"o-mdadm","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/milchyn.cz\/o-mdadm","title":{"rendered":"Diskov\u00fd RAID s mdadm"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5><\/h5>\n<h3><a id=\"o_mdadm\"><\/a><a href=\"#\" class=\"mch-gototop\" onclick=\"window.scrollTo({top: 0, behavior: 'smooth'}); return false;\">\u21a9\ufe0f\ufe0f<\/a> O mdadm<\/h3>\n<a id=\"co_je_mdadm\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-23\">Co je mdadm?<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-23\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mdadm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mdadm<\/a><em> (&#8222;Multiple Device Admin&#8220;)<\/em> je <strong>n\u00e1stroj v Linuxu, slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, spr\u00e1v\u011b a monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed softwarov\u00fdch RAID pol\u00ed<\/strong><em> (&#8222;Redundant Array of Independent Disks&#8220;). <\/em>Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlastnost\u00ed je <strong>bezv\u00fdpadkov\u00e9 zabezpe\u010den\u00ed dat p\u0159i z\u00e1vad\u011b disku<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\ude0e U\u017e se mi n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t vyplatilo. Nedok\u00e1\u017eu si p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee bych provozoval po\u010d\u00edta\u010de bez tohoto diskov\u00e9ho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"na_jak\u00e9m_principu_funguje\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-24\">Na jak\u00e9m principu funguje?<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-24\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mdadm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mdadm<\/a> je <strong>n\u00e1stroj pro spr\u00e1vu Softwarov\u00fdch RAID pol\u00ed, realizovan\u00fdch j\u00e1drem Linuxu<\/strong> pomoc\u00ed subsyst\u00e9mu md<em> (&#8222;Multiple Devices&#8220;)<\/em>. Tento subsyst\u00e9m <strong>spojuje n\u011bkolik fyzick\u00fdch disk\u016f nebo odd\u00edl\u016f do jednoho logick\u00e9ho disku<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 se syst\u00e9mu tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jako b\u011b\u017en\u00fd disk.<\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"kter\u00e9_typy_raid\u016f_a_funkce_mdadm_podporuje\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-25\">Kter\u00e9 typy RAID\u016f a funkce mdadm podporuje?<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-25\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate;width: 100%;border-spacing: 1vw 1vw\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 0 <em>(sporn\u00fd RAID typ)<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 striping <em>(data nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d disky) <\/em><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 nezabezpe\u010den\u00e9 proti selh\u00e1n\u00ed disku \u26a0\ufe0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 mirroring<em> (zrcadlen\u00ed)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 striping s paritou na jednom disku<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 striping s jednou paritou nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d disky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 striping se dv\u011bma paritami nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d disky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 10<em> (1+0)<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 mirroring + striping<em> (Kombinace RAID 1 a RAID 0)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 01 <em>(0+1)<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 striping + mirroring\u00a0 <em>(Kombinace RAID 0 a RAID 1)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 od r. 2023 odstran\u011bn\u00fd z Linuxov\u00e9ho j\u00e1dra \u26a0\ufe0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>Linear mode <em>(funkce)<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 spojen\u00ed disk\u016f bez stripingu (prost\u00e9 se\u0159azen\u00ed disk\u016f)<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 nezabezpe\u010den\u00e9 proti selh\u00e1n\u00ed disku \u26a0\ufe0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>Multipath <em>(funkce)<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 pouze nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u00edce cest k fyzick\u00e9mu nebo logick\u00e9mu disku<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 neo\u0161et\u0159uje selh\u00e1n\u00ed disku, ale v\u00fdpadek cesty k n\u011bmu \u26a0\ufe0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 30.351%;height: 22px\"><strong>Faulty <em>(funkce)<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 69.649%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udc49 nejde o opravdov\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed disku, ale nasimulov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho vady v RAID poli<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 slou\u017e\u00ed pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed RAID p\u0159i selh\u00e1n\u00ed disku<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"jak_moc_tento_raid_zat\u011b\u017euje_procesor\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-26\">Jak moc tento RAID zat\u011b\u017euje procesor?<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-26\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e RAID podpora je p\u0159\u00edmo v Linuxov\u00e9m j\u00e1dru, pro modern\u00ed v\u00edcej\u00e1drov\u00e9 procesory nen\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e softwarov\u00fdm RAID moc znateln\u00e1. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, pokud nejde o extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1pisy do RAID\u016f s dopo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vanou paritou. <strong>Zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu RAID<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate;width: 100%;border-spacing: 5vw 1vw;height: 66px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 22.1141%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 0, RAID 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 77.886%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udfe2 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e <em>(jde jen o striping nebo zrcadlen\u00ed)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 22.1141%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 77.886%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udfe1 st\u0159edn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e<em> (sou\u010dasn\u011b striping a zrcadlen\u00ed)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 22px\">\n<td style=\"width: 22.1141%;height: 22px\"><strong>RAID 4, RAID 5, RAID 6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 77.886%;height: 22px\">\ud83d\udfe0 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e <em>(dopo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed parity)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"jak_mdadm_oznamuje_z\u00e1vadu_disku\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-27\">Jak mdadm oznamuje z\u00e1vadu disku?<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-27\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e p\u0159i z\u00e1vad\u011b disku p\u0159evezme jeho funkci disk z\u00e1stupn\u00fd, tak u\u017eivatel v\u00fdpadek nepozn\u00e1 a je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt zprovozn\u011bn\u00e9 oznamov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vady e-mailem.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><a id=\"obecn\u00e9\"><\/a><a href=\"#\" class=\"mch-gototop\" onclick=\"window.scrollTo({top: 0, behavior: 'smooth'}); return false;\">\u21a9\ufe0f\ufe0f<\/a> Obecn\u00e9<\/h3>\n<a id=\"instalace_mdadm\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-28\">Instalace mdadm.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-28\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mdadm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mdadm<\/a> je obvykle<strong> dostupn\u00fd v repozit\u00e1\u0159\u00edch Linux distribuc\u00ed<\/strong> a d\u00e1 se rovnou instalovat:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo apt install mdadm<\/code><\/li>\n<li>potvrzen\u00ed instalace<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8876 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/milchyn.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/mdadm-inst-01-e1751794564590.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/milchyn.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/mdadm-inst-01-e1751794564590.png 600w, https:\/\/milchyn.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/mdadm-inst-01-e1751794564590-300x210.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"info_o_\u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-29\">Info o \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-29\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo parted -l<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo blkid<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>lsblk -a df<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Podrobn\u00fd v\u00fdpis v\u0161ech RAID\u016f:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -D \/dev\/md?*<\/code><\/p>\n<p>RAID stav jednor\u00e1zov\u011b:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p>RAID stav cyklicky po 2 sec.:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>watch -n 2 cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed_stavu_raidu_p\u0159es_e_mail\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-30\">Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu RAIDu p\u0159es e-mail.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-30\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edpokladem pro odesl\u00e1n\u00ed emailu p\u0159i z\u00e1vad\u011b v RAID je m\u00edt nainstalov\u00e1n <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/milchyn.cz\/sendmail-postovni-server\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sendmail<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Povolit \u201e<strong>monitor daemon sends email notifications<\/strong>\u201c:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo dpkg-reconfigure mdadm<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Test funkce posl\u00e1n\u00edm z mdadm RAID status\u016f na e-mail:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --monitor --scan --test -1<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"kontrola_konzistence_raid\u016f_celkov\u00fdm_p\u0159e\u010dten\u00edm\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-31\">Kontrola konzistence RAID\u016f celkov\u00fdm p\u0159e\u010dten\u00edm.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-31\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Prevence na z\u0159\u00eddka pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 m\u00edsta disku. Prov\u011b\u0159\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fdm p\u0159e\u010dten\u00edm v\u0161ech diskov\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f RAIDu. Jde-li o zad\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly v\u00edce RAID najednou v r\u00e1mci disku, b\u011bh je po jednom <code>[===&amp;gt; \u00a0 ]<\/code>. Ostatn\u00ed RAID \u010dekaj\u00ed v po\u0159ad\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edznakem <code>resync=DELAYED<\/code>. Tento proces b\u011b\u017e\u00ed na pozad\u00ed a je-li p\u0159eru\u0161en nap\u0159\u00edklad rebootem po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, pak op\u011bt nav\u00e1\u017ee, pokra\u010duje v po\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h5>Z p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dky pro dva RAIDy<\/h5>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad kontrol RAID\u016f <code>\/dev\/md0<\/code> , <code>\/dev\/md1<\/code> :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>echo check | sudo tee \/sys\/block\/md0\/md\/sync_action<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>echo check | sudo tee \/sys\/block\/md1\/md\/sync_action<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Bash skript pro v\u0161echny RAIDy<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>vi raid_check.bash<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Vlo\u017eit:<br \/>\n<pre>#!\/bin\/bash\n\nfor _Raid in \/sys\/block\/md?*\/md\/sync_action\ndo\n\u00a0\u00a0echo check | sudo tee $_Raid\ndone<\/pre><\/p>\n<h5>Kontrola slu\u017eeb automatick\u00e9 kontroly konzistence RAID\u016f<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl status mdcheck_start.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl status mdcheck_continue.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Zak\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb automatick\u00e9 kontroly konzistence RAID\u016f<\/h5>\n<p>Pokud se kontrola konzistence prov\u00e1d\u00ed v cyklu vlastn\u00edm skriptem, lze RAID kontrolu syst\u00e9mem deaktivovat:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl stop mdcheck_start.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl disable mdcheck_start.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl stop mdcheck_continue.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl disable mdcheck_continue.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Povolen\u00ed slu\u017eeb automatick\u00e9 kontroly konzistence RAID\u016f<\/h5>\n<p>Pokud se kontrola konzistence prov\u00e1d\u00ed v cyklu vlastn\u00edm skriptem, lze RAID kontrolu syst\u00e9mem deaktivovat:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl start mdcheck_start.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl enable mdcheck_start.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl start mdcheck_continue.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo systemctl enable mdcheck_continue.timer<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed_a_odebr\u00e1n\u00ed_spare_disku_raidu\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-32\">P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed a odebr\u00e1n\u00ed Spare disku RAIDu.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-32\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>Spare<\/code> disku s diskov\u00fdm odd\u00edlem o stejn\u00e9 velikosti jako ostatn\u00ed v dan\u00e9m RAIDu, umo\u017e\u0148uje automaticky <strong>okam\u017eit\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed vadn\u00e9ho disku<\/strong>. Jinak je neaktivn\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edkladu <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>Spare<\/code> disk s odd\u00edlem <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> p\u0159idan\u00fd do RAIDu <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -a \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Je-li tento <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>Spare<\/code> diskov\u00fd odd\u00edl <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> st\u00e1le voln\u00fd, indikovan\u00fd jako <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>(S)<\/code> , d\u00e1 se i odebrat<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -r \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"simulace_z\u00e1vady_raidu\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-33\">Simulace z\u00e1vady RAIDu.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-33\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Simulace po\u0161kozen\u00ed a to ozna\u010den\u00edm diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu v dan\u00e9m RAID jako vadn\u00fd. Pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 i p\u0159i opravdov\u00e9 z\u00e1vad\u011b disku, po\u0161kozen\u00ed RAIDu.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -f \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u2026 p\u0159\u00edznaky: <strong>faulty<\/strong>, u diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu p\u0159\u00edznak <code>(F)<\/code> a m\u00edsto\u00a0 <code>[...U...]<\/code> je <code>[..._...]<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"odebr\u00e1n\u00ed_diskov\u00e9ho_odd\u00edlu_z_vadn\u00e9ho_raidu\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-34\">Odebr\u00e1n\u00ed diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu z vadn\u00e9ho RAIDu. \ud83c\udd98<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-34\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Vadn\u00fd diskov\u00fd odd\u00edl na disku je prezentov\u00e1n jako <code>faulty<\/code> a je nutn\u00e9 ho z konfigurace odebrat<em> (nejde-li o simulaci, tak i fyzicky)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -r \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u2026 p\u0159\u00edznaky:\u00a0<strong>removed<\/strong>, zmiz\u00ed dan\u00fd diskov\u00fd odd\u00edl a je st\u00e1le <code>[..._...]<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed_diskov\u00e9ho_odd\u00edlu_synchronizace_raidu\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-35\">Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu, synchronizace RAIDu. \ud83c\udd98<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-35\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f Vymaz\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1znamu o p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m p\u0159edchoz\u00edm jin\u00e9m RAIDu. Pou\u017e\u00edt pouze nejde-li o simulaci. \u26a0\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed odd\u00edlu, a\u0165 u\u017e zp\u011bt po simulaci a nebo nov\u00e9ho po z\u00e1vad\u011b:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -a \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u2026 p\u0159\u00edznaky:\u00a0<strong>spare rebuilding<\/strong>, p\u0159ibude dan\u00fd diskov\u00fd odd\u00edl, za\u010dne synchronizace <code> [===&amp;gt;\u00a0\u00a0 ] <\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u2026 nakonec:\u00a0<strong>active sync<\/strong>, op\u011bt <code>[...U...]<\/code>.<br \/>\nTento proces b\u011b\u017e\u00ed na pozad\u00ed a je-li p\u0159eru\u0161en nap\u0159\u00edklad rebootem po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, pak op\u011bt nav\u00e1\u017ee, pokra\u010duje.<\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"oprava_chybn\u011b_prezentovan\u00e9ho_raidu\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-36\">Oprava chybn\u011b prezentovan\u00e9ho RAIDu. \ud83c\udd98<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-36\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Po HW z\u00e1vad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee se disk RAIDu prezentovat jako Spare disk, RAID0.<\/p>\n<p>Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stavu:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Deaktivace RAID:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --stop \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Regenerace RAID:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --assemble --scan<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stavu:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n\u00ed_raidu\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-37\">P\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n\u00ed RAIDu.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-37\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<h5>Uvoln\u011bn\u00ed RAIDu<\/h5>\n<p>Odpojen\u00ed od adres\u00e1\u0159e:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo umount \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Stopnut\u00ed RAIDu:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --stop \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Zobrazen\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed konfigurace RAIDu<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --detail \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdpis uk\u00e1\u017ee v tomto p\u0159\u00edkladu p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 disky <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> a <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>P\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n\u00ed md0 na md11<\/h5>\n<p>P\u0159ed naskenov\u00e1n\u00edm aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed RAIDu konfigurace je dobr\u00e9 odebrat a z konfigura\u010dn\u00edho souboru tu p\u0159ede\u0161lou:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo vi \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>P\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n\u00ed RAIDu<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --assemble \/dev\/md11 --name=11 --update=name \/dev\/sda1 \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Kontrola p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -Db \/dev\/md11<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Ulo\u017een\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed konfigurace RAIDu<\/h5>\n<p>Naskenov\u00e1n\u00ed konfigurace RAIDu a p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1znam\u016f do konfigura\u010dn\u00edho souboru:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --examine --scan |sudo tee -a \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo update-initramfs -u<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>P\u0159ipojen\u00ed RAID zp\u011bt k adres\u00e1\u0159i<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mount \/dev\/md11 \/data<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u261d\ufe0f<\/strong> Je-li automatick\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed dle device file (nikoli nap\u0159. dle LABELu \u010di UUID), tak <strong>upravit definici mountu v<\/strong> <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<h3><a id=\"raid_1\"><\/a><a href=\"#\" class=\"mch-gototop\" onclick=\"window.scrollTo({top: 0, behavior: 'smooth'}); return false;\">\u21a9\ufe0f\ufe0f<\/a> RAID 1<\/h3>\n<a id=\"vytvo\u0159en\u00ed_raid1_dvou_disk\u016f\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-38\">Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID1 dvou disk\u016f.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-38\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<h5>Nakonfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed odd\u00edl\u016f disk\u016f pro RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed shodn\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f na <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> a\u00a0\u00a0<code>\/dev\/sdd1<\/code> .<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sda<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sdb<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Maj\u00ed-li b\u00fdt i jako bootovac\u00ed, tak je nastavit: <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>MBR: protective<\/code> a <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>GPT: pressent<\/code> m\u00f3d <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>x\u2192n\u2192m<\/code>, pak vytvo\u0159it odd\u00edl a nastavit RAID typ odd\u00edlu, je-li pro bootov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu: <strong>EF02<\/strong> , jiank: <strong>FD00<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>Smaz\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 poz\u016fstal\u00e9 RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID1 <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/md0<\/code> <em>(parametrem <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>-l 1<\/code>)<\/em> se dv\u011bma zrcadlen\u00fdmi diskov\u00fdmi odd\u00edly <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> <em>(parametrem <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>-n 2<\/code>)<\/em> :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -v --create \/dev\/md0 -l 1 -n 2 \/dev\/sda1 \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Ulo\u017een\u00ed RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>Odebrat p\u0159ede\u0161lou RAID konfiguraci&#8230; :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo vi \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ulo\u017een\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed RAID konfiguraci:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --examine --scan |sudo tee -a \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo update-initramfs -u<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu a konfigurace RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed konfigurace:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -D \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"vytvo\u0159en\u00ed_raid1_migrac\u00ed_dvou_disk\u016f\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-39\">Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID1 migrac\u00ed dvou disk\u016f.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-39\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Migrace disku bez RAID do v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho dvou diskov\u00e9ho RAID1 s p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm jednoho disku.<\/p>\n<h5>Nakonfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho disku pro RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed odd\u00edlu <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> na p\u0159idan\u00e9m disku, kter\u00fd nemus\u00ed m\u00edt stejnou velikost jako zdrojov\u00fd <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> .<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sdb<\/code><\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1-li b\u00fdt i jako bootovac\u00ed, tak nastavit: <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>MBR: protective<\/code> a <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>GPT: pressent<\/code> m\u00f3d <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>x\u2192n\u2192m<\/code>, pak vytvo\u0159it odd\u00edl a nastavit RAID typ odd\u00edlu, je-li pro bootov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu: <strong>EF02<\/strong> , jiank: <strong>FD00<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>Smaz\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 poz\u016fstal\u00e9 RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed degradovan\u00e9ho RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed pouze s jedn\u00edm diskem <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> , kdy druh\u00fd disk bude konfigurov\u00e1n jako chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed.<code><\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -v --create \/dev\/md0 -l 1 -n 2 missing \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Ulo\u017een\u00ed RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>Odebrat p\u0159ede\u0161lou RAID konfiguraci&#8230; :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo vi \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ulo\u017een\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed RAID konfiguraci:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --examine --scan |sudo tee -a \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo update-initramfs -u<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Naform\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed degradovan\u00e9ho RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Filesyst\u00e9m, v m\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ext4 a pojmenovan\u00fdm <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>DATA-MD0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mke2fs -jt ext4 -L DATA-MD0 \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>P\u0159ekop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat do degradovan\u00e9ho RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mount \/dev\/md0 \/mnt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo cp -pr \/data\/. \/mnt\/<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>P\u0159emontov\u00e1n\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159e \/data na RAID \/dev\/md0<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo umount \/data<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo umount \/mnt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mount \/dev\/md0 \/data<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pro trval\u00e9 p\u0159emontov\u00e1n\u00ed upravit mount definici v:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo vi \/etc\/fstab<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Nakonfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edho disku pro RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>P\u0159enastaven\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edho diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> pro p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed k diskov\u00e9mu odd\u00edlu <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> v RAID1 <code>\/dev\/md0<\/code> :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sda<\/code><\/p>\n<p>v n\u011bm nastavit <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>MBR: protective<\/code> a <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>GPT: pressent<\/code> m\u00f3d <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>x\u2192n\u2192m<\/code>, pak uzp\u016fsobit odd\u00edl, aby m\u011bl stejnou velikost jako odd\u00edl disku v RAIDu a stejn\u011b nastavit i typ. Je-li pro bootov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu: <strong>EF02<\/strong> , jiank: <strong>FD00<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edho disku do RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do RAID1 :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -a \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Po skon\u010den\u00ed procesu p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed se stane degradovan\u00fd RAID plnohodnotn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<h5>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu a konfigurace RAID1<\/h5>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed konfigurace:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -D \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed_disku_do_raid1\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-40\">P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed disku do RAID1.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-40\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm disku do RAID1 se nezv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed jeho kapacita, ale <strong>pos\u00edl\u00ed se redundance a rychlost \u010dten\u00ed<\/strong>. P\u0159id\u00e1 se <code>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> k ostatn\u00edm <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> , <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> .<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -a \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --grow \/dev\/md0 -n 3<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed_diskov\u00e9ho_odd\u00edlu_synchronizace_raid\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-41\">Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu, synchronizace RAID.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-41\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Nejde-li o simulaci, vymaz\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1znamu o p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m p\u0159edchoz\u00edm jin\u00e9m RAIDu.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -a \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u2026 p\u0159\u00edznaky:\u00a0<strong>spare rebuilding<\/strong>, p\u0159ibude dan\u00fd diskov\u00fd odd\u00edl, za\u010dne synchronizace <code> [===&amp;gt;\u00a0\u00a0 ] <\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u2026 nakonec:\u00a0<strong>active sync<\/strong>, op\u011bt <code>[...U...]<\/code>.<br \/>\nTento proces b\u011b\u017e\u00ed na pozad\u00ed a je-li p\u0159eru\u0161en nap\u0159\u00edklad rebootem po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, pak op\u011bt nav\u00e1\u017ee, pokra\u010duje.<\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<h3><a id=\"raid_5\"><\/a><a href=\"#\" class=\"mch-gototop\" onclick=\"window.scrollTo({top: 0, behavior: 'smooth'}); return false;\">\u21a9\ufe0f\ufe0f<\/a> RAID 5<\/h3>\n<a id=\"vytvo\u0159en\u00ed_raid5_t\u0159ech_disk\u016f\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-42\">Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID5 t\u0159ech disk\u016f.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-42\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<h5>Nakonfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch disk\u016f pro RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed shodn\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f na <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> ,\u00a0\u00a0<code>\/dev\/sdd1<\/code> a\u00a0\u00a0<code>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> .<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sda<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sdb<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sdc<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Maj\u00ed-li b\u00fdt i jako bootovac\u00ed, tak je nastavit: <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>MBR: protective<\/code> a <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>GPT: pressent<\/code> m\u00f3d <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>x\u2192n\u2192m<\/code>, pak vytvo\u0159it odd\u00edl a nastavit RAID typ odd\u00edlu, je-li pro bootov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu: <strong>EF02<\/strong> , jiank: <strong>FD00<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>Smaz\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 poz\u016fstal\u00e9 RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID5 <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/md0<\/code> <em>(parametrem <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>-l 5<\/code>)<\/em> se dv\u011bma zrcadlen\u00fdmi diskov\u00fdmi odd\u00edly <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> ,\u00a0<code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> , <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> <em>(parametrem <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>-n 3<\/code>)<\/em> :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -v --create \/dev\/md0 -l 5 -n 3 \/dev\/sda1 \/dev\/sdb1 \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Ulo\u017een\u00ed RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>Odebrat p\u0159ede\u0161lou RAID konfiguraci&#8230; :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo vi \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ulo\u017een\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed RAID konfiguraci:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --examine --scan |sudo tee -a \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo update-initramfs -u<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu a konfigurace RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed konfigurace:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -D \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"vytvo\u0159en\u00ed_raid5_migrac\u00ed_t\u0159ech_disk\u016f\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-43\">Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID5 migrac\u00ed t\u0159ech disk\u016f.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-43\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>Migrace disku bez RAID do v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho t\u0159\u00ed-diskov\u00e9ho RAID5 s p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm dvou disk\u016f.<\/p>\n<h5>Nakonfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch disk\u016f pro RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed shodn\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f na <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> a\u00a0\u00a0<code>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> na nov\u00fdch disc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 ale nemus\u00ed m\u00edt stejnou velikost jako zdrojov\u00fd <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> .<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sdb<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sdc<\/code><\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1j\u00ed-li b\u00fdt i jako bootovac\u00ed, tak nastavit: <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>MBR: protective<\/code> a <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>GPT: pressent<\/code> m\u00f3d <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>x\u2192n\u2192m<\/code>, pak vytvo\u0159it odd\u00edl a nastavit RAID typ odd\u00edlu, je-li pro bootov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu: <strong>EF02<\/strong> , jiank: <strong>FD00<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>Smaz\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 poz\u016fstal\u00e9 RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed degradovan\u00e9ho RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed pouze se dv\u011bma disky <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> ,\u00a0<code>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> , kdy t\u0159et\u00ed disk bude konfigurov\u00e1n jako chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed.<code><\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -v --create \/dev\/md0 -l 5 -n 3 missing \/dev\/sdb1 \/dev\/sdc1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Ulo\u017een\u00ed RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>Odebrat p\u0159ede\u0161lou RAID konfiguraci&#8230; :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo vi \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ulo\u017een\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed RAID konfiguraci:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --examine --scan |sudo tee -a \/etc\/mdadm\/mdadm.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo update-initramfs -u<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Naform\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed degradovan\u00e9ho RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Filesyst\u00e9m, v m\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ext4 a pojmenovan\u00fdm <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>DATA-MD0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mke2fs -jt ext4 -L DATA-MD0 \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>P\u0159ekop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat do degradovan\u00e9ho RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mount \/dev\/md0 \/mnt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo cp -pr \/data\/. \/mnt\/<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>P\u0159emontov\u00e1n\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159e \/data na RAID \/dev\/md0<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo umount \/data<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo umount \/mnt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mount \/dev\/md0 \/data<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pro trval\u00e9 p\u0159emontov\u00e1n\u00ed upravit mount definici v:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo vi \/etc\/fstab<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Nakonfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edho disku pro RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>P\u0159enastaven\u00ed odd\u00edlu <code>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> p\u016fvodn\u00edho disku pro p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed k diskov\u00fdm odd\u00edl\u016fm <code>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> ,\u00a0<code>\/dev\/sdc1<\/code> v RAID5 <code>\/dev\/md0<\/code> :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo gdisk \/dev\/sda<\/code><\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1-li b\u00fdt i jako bootovac\u00ed, tak nastavit: <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>MBR: protective<\/code> a <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>GPT: pressent<\/code> m\u00f3d <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>x\u2192n\u2192m<\/code>, pak vytvo\u0159it odd\u00edl a nastavit RAID typ odd\u00edlu, je-li pro bootov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu: <strong>EF02<\/strong> , jiank: <strong>FD00<\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>Smaz\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 poz\u016fstal\u00e9 RAID konfigurace<\/h5>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edho disku do RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed do RAID5 :<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -a \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sda1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Po skon\u010den\u00ed procesu p\u0159i\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed se stane degradovan\u00fd RAID plnohodnotn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<h5>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu a konfigurace RAID5<\/h5>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed stavu:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>cat \/proc\/mdstat<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Zobrazen\u00ed konfigurace:<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -D \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<a id=\"p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed_disku_do_raid5_a_nata\u017een\u00ed_souborov\u00e9ho_syst\u00e9mu\"><\/a><div class=\"mch-acr\"><div class=\"mch-acr-title\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"mch-acr-content-44\">P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed disku do RAID5 a nata\u017een\u00ed souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/div><div id=\"mch-acr-content-44\" class=\"mch-acr-content\" hidden><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad <strong>nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kapacity RAID5<\/strong> <code>\/dev\/md0<\/code> za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00edm \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sdd1<\/code> k ostatn\u00edm <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sda1<\/code> ,\u00a0<code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>\/dev\/sdb1<\/code> ,\u00a0<code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;> \/dev\/sdc1<\/code> .<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --zero-superblock \/dev\/sdd1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm -a \/dev\/md0 \/dev\/sdd1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo mdadm --grow \/dev\/md0 --size max<\/code><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kontrola a <strong>zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong> <code class=&#8220;code-line&#8220;>ext4<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo fsck \/dev\/md0<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udcbb <code>sudo resize2fs \/dev\/md<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9730,"menu_order":-55,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8871","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Diskov\u00fd RAID s mdadm - milchyn.cz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/milchyn.cz\/o-mdadm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Diskov\u00fd RAID s mdadm - milchyn.cz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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